folsom



(No Model.)

H. P. FOLSOM.

RANGE BOILBR. No. 807,852. Patented Nov. 11,1884.

Umano ?Srarns Param* Ormea.

HENRY P. ,FOLSODL OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

R/-iNGE-BOILER.l

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent'No. 307,852, dated November 11, 1884.

Application liled December .19, 1883.

To all whom t may concern Beit known that I, HENRY P. ForsoM, of the city of Brooklyn, county of Kings, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bange-Boilers and other similar Vessels to be Used under Pressure, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, forming part of the annexed specification.

My invention consists of a closed metallic vessel, suitable for containing liquids under pressure, which is continuously enameled or glazed throughout with a fused surfaeeglaze.

In the drawing is shown a section of my improved range-boiler, in which drawing A represents the `outer cylinder, B B the two heads, and C C C the continuous inside enameling or fuzed glaze, and D D a similar outside enameling.

Prior to my invention range-boilers have been made in a variety of ways. Ordinarily such `boilers have been made of iron galvanized but these boilers last but a comparatively short time, owing to the imperfection of the galvanizing process, as many parts of the boilers and shells are imperfectly coated and the zinc scales off and presents a surface to permit rust. The galvanizing has no effect in strengthening the boilers. Boilers have also been made of iron lined with copper. Boilers of this kind are very expensive, owing to the necessity of forming a complete inner vessel of copper, and owing to the difficulty of making such inner vessel perfectly tight without very great expense. Such boilers are also liable to rapid deterioration from rust affecting theiron. Boilers have also been made entirely of copper; but these, owing to the character of the material, are quite liable to collapse, and any boiler in which the A inner surface is copper is apt to injure the water contained in it by the precipitation of oxide of copper. Boilers have also been made with a coating of enamel on the inside, which partially remedies the difficulties alluded to, as shown in Letters Patent to Charles H. Buck, March 17, 1874, No. 148,593; but such boilers are still open to ob- -jections The Buck boiler is made with the bottom and top heads of cast-iron, while the cylinder only is made of sheet-iron. This is (No model.)

quite expensive, and at the same time does not Neither does Buck, or any inventor prior to the date of my invention, show a boiler which has the seams covered with enamel so as to secure a perfectly continuous enameled surface. In Buck s boiler, moreover, the cap portions, which are nearly of the diameter of the boiler, are shown as screwed to the body of the boiler after the body has been enameled,

and a packing is inserted in the joints made between the body and the caps. These joints are not covered with enamel, nor are the caps themselves enameled. Buck s boiler secures the advantage which he sought of being readily cleaned, but does not secure the advantages which "my boiler possesses, and which are hereinafter described.

My invention remedies the difficulties complainedof, and I am able to produce at slight expense a very strong boiler, the interior of A which, and also the exterior, if desired, is thoroughly coated with a thick surface, which adds great strength to the shell, and is not nearly so liable to imperfections as other of the forms of boilers above referred to by me. Such boilers can also be made at small expense, and are very dura-ble.

I form the outer casing or shell of my boiler or similar vessel entirely of sheet metal, this being done in any ordinary manner. One of the forms is shown in the drawing, having a central cylinder and two heads lapped 'and riveted, the form of lapping being different on the different ends. I recommend that the edges of the seam-lapsshould be beveled off, either by hammering, planing, or grinding, (as shown in the drawings at the top end,) before joining the parts, so as to present as smooth and even a surface as possible, thus facilitating the formation of the continuous IOO tight and seamless coating over all parts of the vessel. I thus secure a stronger and cheaper boiler than can be made by any of the methods described in previous patents. Heretofore, also, it has not been thought possible to properly coat the insides of a closed vessel--such as a boiler-with an enamelingfluid, owing to the difficulty of heating the casing uniformly by the heat of an enamelingfurnace when parts of such casing are double at the joints formed at the laps of the seams. I secure the desired result, however, by injectingthe enameling-iiuid through one of the holes in the boiler, and, either by a centrifugal or shaking motion, forcing the iiuid over the entire interior surface of the boiler. The enameling-iiuid which I use is that known as agate, or mottled enamel for iron-ware, such as described in the patent of F. G. and W. F. Niedringhaus, dated May 30, 1876, No. 177,953; reissued Jul'y 3, 1877, No. 7,779; and the manner of preparing the surface of the shell or vessel to receive such enamel and the method.v of applying it under ordinary circumstances are now weil known in the art, and, with the modification above described by me, can be successfully practiced for the purpose of my present invention.

It has been found that the agate enamel is composed of such substances that it secures an extraordinary degree of attachment between the enamel and the metallic vessel to which it is applied, and it is for this reason that I prefer to use that enamel; but I do not confine,`

myself to the use cf that enamel alone, because an equivalent enamcl,which secures the same advantage of close connection between the metallic vessel and the enamel, thereby very greatly increasing the strength ofthe vessel and forming a continuous enameled surface, covering the j oints as well as other parts of the boiler or other vessel, and thereby securing a prevention from oxidation, and promoting,

also, the facility of being cleaned, which is very essential in a range-boiler, would effect my The use of this enamel is also advantageous, because range-boilers, subject as they are to alternate contraction and eXpansion, have been found to be very liable to crack the ordinary white enamel, which has heretofore been used with such boilers to a limited extent, the agate enamel or its equivalent, on the contrary, being able to withstand this alternate expansion and contraction, thereby addingvery materially to the strength of the boiler. The enamel or glazing should be laid upon the interior surface of the metallic vessel sufficiently thickly to cover inequalities and form a strong, continuous, and seamless coating, thereby rendering the vessel absolutely tight when the fluid therein contained is under pressure, and contributing much to the durability and efficiency of the boiler. A coating of the enamel or glazing may also be applied over the whole exterior of the boiler, which will accomplish to some extent the same functions as a coating on the inside, and will give to thevessel a much more ornamental appearance, and preserve it from rust, and render it much more easy to cleanan important consideration where vessels of this kind are used in kitchens, where they are liable to become soiled and discolored by water and grease, and where time and labor have been necessarily employed to keep them in a cleanly condition. This has been especially the case with copper boilers, which require continual scrubbing. A coating of enamel, such as described, whether inside or outside, or both, will also accomplish the following new result, hitherto not practically attained by any method of production:v Being tough and strong as well as possessing some material thickness, and being adherent to the surface of the metal, it not only covers over the joints and renders them tight, but tends to prevent the stretching of the parts away from each other at the seams, thereby diminishing the tendency to leakage. The advantages of my boiler are, therefore, great durabi1ity,strength, and tightness of the seams owing to the application of the enamel described over such seams, greater freedom from attacks of rust as compared with galvanized boilers, owing to the greater thickness of the coating involved in the use of my material, greater cleanliness and facility for keeping clean,

'highly ornamental appearance, and great cheapness as compared with other boilers.

That I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. As a new article of manufacture, a rangeboiler or other similar metallic vessel tobeused under pressure, constructed, substantially as herein described, wholly of sheet met-al, and coated on the inside with a continuous coating of enamel covering all the interior seams of the boiler, said enamel being applied after all the portions of the boiler are secured together, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. A's a new article of manufacture, a rangeboiler or other similar metallic vessel to be used under pressure, constructed, substantially as herein described, wholly of sheet metal, and coated with a continuous coating of enamel covering both the inside and outside of the said vessel, and extending over all the seams thereof, said enamel being applied after all the portions of the boiler are secured together, substantially as and for the purposes setforth.

HENRY P. FOLSOM.

Vitnesses:

C. XVYLLYs Bnfr'rs, I. R. S. BOARDMAN.

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